Signifier

Module 01

Design ethics and dark patterns

Name a deceptive pattern on sight, propose an honest alternative, and hold a position when you're asked to build one.

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Check yourself · 7 questions · pass at 70%

  1. 01

    What distinguishes a deceptive pattern from ordinary persuasion?

  2. 02

    A subscription takes two clicks to start and requires a phone call during office hours to cancel. Which pattern is this?

  3. 03

    A cookie banner has a large 'Accept all' button; rejecting takes two screens and nine toggles. Nothing stated is false. Is it deceptive?

  4. 04

    How do most deceptive patterns actually get built?

  5. 05

    Which test most sharply separates persuasion from deception?

  6. 06

    Which are honest alternatives to deceptive patterns? Select all that apply.

    Select all that apply

  7. 07

    Why decide in advance what you won't build?

Revision · 9 cards

These come back on a schedule, spaced to catch you just before you’d forget.

Who coined 'dark patterns', and what's the better term?

Harry Brignull, 2010. 'Deceptive patterns' is more precise about the mechanism.

Roach motel

Easy to get into, deliberately hard to get out of. Two clicks to subscribe, a phone call to cancel.

Confirmshaming

The decline option is worded to make you feel bad. 'No thanks, I don't like saving money.'

Misdirection

Visual hierarchy steers you to the option that suits the company. Nothing stated is false.

Forced continuity

A free trial that silently becomes a charge, with no warning before the money moves.

The two ethics tests

Would you tell the user? And would it still work if you did? Persuasion survives disclosure; deception doesn't.

How do deceptive patterns usually get built?

Incrementally, via A/B tests that each win slightly. No single unethical decision — optimisation without a floor.

Legal exposure

GDPR 'freely given' consent, EU DSA Article 25, and FTC action — Epic Games agreed to $245M in refunds.

Why decide your limits in advance?

The pressure in the room is social, not intellectual. Prepared people decline calmly; unprepared people go quiet.

Signifier